Xun Fang,
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Beijing Haidian District, Wudaokou north, after the eight Village, a distance of only 3 kilometers from Zhongguancun computer stores, is Beijing’s largest e-waste recycling street.
May 13. Difficult with the passing vehicles through which side of the road machine roar of the construction site, the other side of the garbage collector cries of street vendors. Every morning, these traders Gold Cup cars, rickshaws, one to the roadside, a mobile shop to put up, sit back and wait.
every evening, these vendors to collect the Rows of sorting plant, where the dismantling of these electronic products. After the dismantling of the product, some circulation back to the electronic stores; metal lines are destined for Tianjin, Hebei, and ultimately can not be handled at the local e-waste shipped to Guangdong Guiyu, in full deep processing.
accordance with the relevant departments of statistics, in recent years, China at least annually scrapped five million television sets, 4 million refrigerators, 5 million washing machines, 5 million computers and tens of millions of mobile phones. These e-waste per year will generate over 500 million tons of dangerous toxic waste, a huge source of pollution.
garbage is often burned, buried or discarded in the river, or directly exposed to the air. Manufacturers recycling
invalid
public is no stranger to the rickshaw. A old cars tricycles, hanging recycling banners, squatting on the cell door every day. Into Beijing every corner of the street, e-waste recycling forward.
more Hypermarkets in Beijing Zhongguancun Chaoyangmen Gongzhufen, electronic products, gathered a large number of individual traders, both freight and sell new goods, to close the multiple identities of second-hand and so on.
which goes through the rickshaw pullers, they help customers to delivery of new products, old products back to the trip, killing two birds with one stone.
He has done research, young people, an average of seven months for a cell phone, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities, each family has two or three idle phone.
a person other than an individual, the stronger vendors also pegged to the one-time large shipments of enterprise. Electronic product updates in general 3-4 and eliminate a number. .
recycling chain, in addition to the vendors because of the interest-driven actively recycling electronic waste, the various PC manufacturers and mobile phone manufacturers are mostly with electronics recycling point. In each of the vendors have the budget to put into this
these collection points basic income does not come up anything. And vendors set up collection points are rarely, not user-friendly.
In fact, many vendors for a variety of considerations, not in-house product recycling.
According to TechinAsia, technology website reported, the Guangdong Guiyu waste disposal distribution center, not only gathered from around the world of old computers and other electronic products, parts, and also from Hewlett-Packard (microblogging), Samsung (microblogging almost brand new) and Panasonic, but there are some defects can not be shipped products, as well as AMD does not use or ready to rework the chip.
data according to the related media reports, at present, about 72 percent of e-waste exports to China in the global e-waste. As a result, the Guangdong the Guiyu become world-famous
The family usually get ready, such as e-waste in Beijing, from time to time pull a box full of go.
the high
pollution secondary processing
a the Zhongguancun used computer sales staff of the City told the newspaper, a E5200 dual-core 2.5GHz processor, 2GB memory, 200GB hard drive, with significant independence 256, ASUS DVD drive, desktop computers, coupled with LCD display, priced at around $ 1600. If you run into do not understand the line of buyers, but also a higher asking price.
a
well-known domestic mobile phone in the recovery been more positive. Due to industrial design, the phone self-built channel direct recycling, recycling up the phone, the replacement of spare parts or shell, and then refresh the software interface, it can be shipped.
refurbished goods through various intermediaries in the international circulation, in rural areas.
while those components are not broken, little can be treated when the For example, the memory of a rub just a new CPU paper rub a clean, hard disk just formatted, and then alcohol to handle it with alcohol.
In addition to all the needs of the country second Guiyu in Guangdong, tens of thousands engaged in the incineration of waste electronic products and plastic recycling, decomposition of the work.
the greater things, the recovery value of the lower. Iron, aluminum, home appliances are not worthless. Valuable computers, mobile phones and other small things, because it contains precious metals. According to Sun Wenjun, a total loss of the phone, each about to extract $ 1 worth of precious metals.
high value, but more electronic waste disposal costs. For cost reasons, enterprises are usually less polluting manner. For example, a very thin metal wire can not be skinned extract, companies often directly to the skin burning to extract the metal wire, this way air pollution is very large. In fact, the line and cut fine, and then the machine to decomposition of the extracted metal This air pollution. However, it seems can not wait.
Beijing East port, Guangdong Guiyu e-waste dismantling pure manual. According to media reports, the operation of the workers the power supply board on the narrow heater blower port bake two or three seconds, then clamp the board of the chips, capacitors, electrode tubes and other electronic components removed, were placed ceramic cup.
Then, sulfuric acid water wash circuit boards, and burned garbage is no longer recyclable. Of these electronic products contain a higher recovery value of a dozen metal such as copper, gold, silver, palladium, etc., but also lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, antimony, beryllium, nickel and other toxic and hazardous substances.
valuable things recycled, useless e-waste residues (including toxic substances) also incineration or landfill in the earth, these e-waste, no way to resolve only the pollution of the environment The same is true, for example, display the glass debris.
Sun Wenjun told the domestic environmental technology is not advanced, the value and significance of the garbage is not social awareness, the cost is much larger than gains; certified by the National sorting centers, e-waste recycling companies to rely on state subsidies to survive.
Tianjin Chang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Deputy General Manager Yang Lei also admits that many companies have stopped due to financial crisis update of the electronic equipment, so that they recovered Such adverse operating there will be no excess funds to upgrade its technology.
the Ministry of Industry shall strengthen the supervision
Wilde
China will become the world’s second largest after the U.S. e-waste producing countries.
own domestic e-waste in the rapid growth of urgent concern. .
He believes that public participation is to solve an important foundation for e-waste problem, because most e-waste are generated by the consumer awareness and participation of citizens is not enough, government, business and the public should be work together to establish a formal e-waste recycling system.
discarded cell phones will grow seven times
the
the 21st century: as a solid waste, electronic waste in China, How big?
Lai Yun – of e-waste: According to the 2010 United Nations Environment Programme released China’s annual output of 2.3 million tons of electronic waste, only 700,000 tons less than the e-waste, the largest United States.
The report also pointed out that 2020, China used computers than in 2007 to double to triple their discarded cell phones in China will be a sevenfold increase in the foreseeable future, China will become the e-waste, the producer.
the 21st century: e-waste in China are how generated?
Lai Yun: different developed countries, China’s electronic waste is domestic consumption, imported from abroad, the former generally can be estimated, and the latter because there is no official data, it is difficult to calculate.
Ministry of Environmental Protection Vice Minister Zhang Lijun has publicly stated that China is a big country of production and consumption of electrical and electronic products, according to statistics, in 2008 TV production of 90.15 million units, refrigerators, 46 million units, washing machines and 39 million units, 68.5 million units of air conditioning, computer 138 million and 61.67 million units, printers, mobile phones, 600 million. The resulting expert estimates, our electrical and electronic products each year out of millions of Taiwan dollars. Now four years later, the scale may be continues to become larger.
actually smuggled into China’s e-waste are also many. Although there is no direct data, but there are some indirect data can attest to this, such as 50% -80% of U.S. e-waste recycling should be exported to foreign countries, of which 90% went to China.
garbage toxic
Lai Yun: The value of e-waste recycling, including precious metals, plastics, glass and some can reuse parts. According to overseas studies, one ton of electronic board can be separated from the 286 pounds of copper, 1 pound of gold, 44 pounds of tin, 1 pounds of gold worth $ 6,000, the dismantling of e-waste does not require advanced technology, equipment, relatively low cost, profitable.
the same time, coupled with strict environmental laws in developed countries and relatively high labor costs and other reasons, the high cost of developed countries themselves to deal with electronic waste, profit margins, but there are all kinds of loopholes in international trade under the premise of it is natural to these e-waste flows from developed to developing countries, the international e-waste illegal cross-border transfer phenomenon is very serious.
the aforementioned United Nations Environment Programme report points out that China and India will become the main source of toxic e-waste
the 21st century
Yun Lai: e-waste contains a large number of toxic and hazardous chemicals, including heavy metals lead, mercury, cadmium, these heavy metals can affect the body’s central nervous system, circulatory system, kidney function; e-waste plastic containing brominated flame retardants, can interfere with human hormonal system; polyvinyl chloride (PVC), brominated flame retardants and are frequently used in electronic products of combustion, it releases the carcinogen dioxin. These toxic substances will accumulate in the environment for a long time, and may enter the body through the food chain.
Of course, these hazards occur, and the methods and processes of e-waste dismantling. E-waste into formal companies qualified to deal with very specification is very scientific, the harm is small; into the original manual workshop, to be processed through pickling, burning or baking, the harm, such as in the Guiyu, Guangdong, air, soil and heavy metal pollution is very prominent media reports, can be described as shocking.
norms and recycling system to be built
Lai Yun: in the front-end electronic products, production processes, in charge of the Ministry of Industry shall strengthen the supervision force the enterprises in the raw material selection to reduce the use of toxic and hazardous substances, which can reduce the hazards of electronic waste from the source . It should be said, this part of the space.
Secondly, the electronic product processing chain in the terminal, should establish an effective and standardized recycling system, prompting more e-waste into a formal treatment plant. This link is the hardest.
the
the 21st century: Why is the most difficult to establish a standard recycling system?
Lai Yun: At present, the recycling of electronic waste generated by residents mainly have both formal and informal channels, formal channels refers to the professional recycling companies and government-designated solid waste management units, non-formal is mainly channeled through the recovery of individual traders in the community, often prone to flow into the behind the dismantling workshops for processing, polluting the environment. The secondary market and maintenance of electronic products market is mostly in the gray area between formal and informal, has not been effective supervision.
a lot of research, media reports, non-formal channels has been the main channel of the residents’ e-waste recycling, the proportion is as high as 60%. Therefore, to change this situation, also need to do more.
the
the 21st century: this, What are your suggestions?
Yun Lai: It is worth mentioning that the Beijing, for example, Beijing the first to start the appliance, If the government continues to further promote the TM to work, strengthening the hazards of e-waste awareness campaigns, we can establish a formal recycling system.
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